HTML5 is the fifth version of the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), which is the standard language used to create and design documents on the web. It was developed to improve the language with support for the latest multimedia while keeping it easily readable by humans and consistently understood by computers and devices.
Key Features of HTML5:
1. Semantic Elements: New tags that give meaning to the content, improving accessibility and SEO. Examples include:
<article>: Represents a self-contained composition.
<section>: Defines a thematic grouping of content.
<nav>: Represents navigation links.
<header> and <footer>: Define introductory and concluding content for sections.
2. Multimedia Support: Native support for audio and video without needing third-party plugins.
<audio>: For audio content.
<video>: For video content.
3. Graphics and Effects: New elements for creating graphics and animations.
<canvas>: For drawing graphics via JavaScript.
<svg>: For scalable vector graphics.
4. Form Enhancements: New input types and attributes to improve forms.
- New input types: `email`, `date`, `range`, `color`, etc.
- New attributes: `placeholder`, `required`, `pattern`, etc.
5. APIs: HTML5 introduces several APIs for enhanced functionality.
- Geolocation API: Access geographical location.
- Web Storage API: Local and session storage.
- Drag and Drop API: Enable drag-and-drop functionality.
6. Offline Capabilities: Support for offline web applications via the Application Cache.
Newly Added Tags in HTML5:
Here are some notable tags introduced in HTML5:
- `<article>`
- `<section>`
- `<nav>`
- `<header>`
- `<footer>`
- `<aside>`
- `<hgroup>`
- `<mark>`: For highlighting text.
- `<progress>`: Represents the progress of a task.
- `<output>`: Represents the result of a calculation.
- `<time>`: Represents a specific period in time.
These tags and features make HTML5 a powerful tool for modern web development, focusing on better structure, improved multimedia handling, and enhanced user experiences.
